• ​source distribution (usually shortened to “sdist”)
• ​wheel distribution (usually shortened to “wheel”)

• ​

  • ​Ensure you have a working pip​
  • ​Common tasks​

    • ​Install a package​
    • ​Install a package from GitHub​
    • ​Install a package from a distribution file​
    • ​Install multiple packages using a requirements file​
    • ​Upgrade a package​
    • ​Uninstall a package​
  • ​Next Steps​

1. 1.

   The Microsoft Store
2. 2.

   The full installer
3. 3.

   Windows Subsystem for Linux

1. 1.

   Press the Win key.
2. 2.

   Type PowerShell.
3. 3.

   Press Enter.

1. 1.

   Microsoft Store package: The most straightforward installation method on Windows involves installing from the Microsoft Store app. This is recommended for beginner Python users looking for an easy-to-set-up interactive experience.
2. 2.

   Full Installer: This approach involves downloading Python directly from the Python.org website. This is recommended for intermediate and advanced developers who need more control during the setup process.
3. 3.

   Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL): The WSL allows you to run a Linux environment directly in Windows. You can learn how to enable the WSL by reading the Windows Subsystem for Linux Installation Guide for Windows 10.

The Microsoft Store package is an easily installable Python interpreter that is intended mainly for interactive use, for example, by students. (Source)

1. 1.

   Click Get.
2. 2.

   Wait for the application to download. When it’s finished downloading, the Get button will be replaced with a button that says Install on my devices.
3. 3.

   Click Install on my devices and select the devices on which you’d like to complete the installation.
4. 4.

   Click Install Now and then OK to start the installation.
5. 5.

   If the installation was successful, then you’ll see the message “This product is installed” at the top of the Microsoft Store page.

1. 1.

   Open a browser window and navigate to the Python.org Downloads page for Windows.
2. 2.

   Under the “Python Releases for Windows” heading, click the link for the Latest Python 3 Release - Python 3.x.x. As of this writing, the latest version was Python 3.8.4.
3. 3.

   Scroll to the bottom and select either Windows x86-64 executable installer for 64-bit or Windows x86 executable installer for 32-bit.

1. 1.

   The default install path is in the AppData/ directory of the current Windows user.
2. 2.

   The Customize installation button can be used to customize the installation location and which additional features get installed, including pip and IDLE.
3. 3.

   The Install launcher for all users (recommended) checkbox is checked default. This means every user on the machine will have access to the py.exe launcher. You can uncheck this box to restrict Python to the current Windows user.
4. 4.

   The Add Python 3.8 to PATH checkbox is unchecked by default. There are several reasons that you might not want Python on PATH, so make sure you understand the implications before you check this box.

1. 1.

   The official installer
2. 2.

   The Homebrew package manager

1. 1.

   Press the Cmd+Space keys.
2. 2.

   Type Terminal.
3. 3.

   Press Enter.

• None of the above commands returns a version number.
• The only version you see displayed is in the Python 2.X series.
• You have a version of Python 3 that isn’t the latest available, which was version 3.8.4 as of this writing.

1. 1.

   The official installer: This method involves downloading the official installer from the Python.org website and running it on your machine.
2. 2.

   The Homebrew package manager: This method involves downloading and installing the Homebrew package manager if you don’t already have it installed, and then typing a command into a terminal application.

1. 1.

   Open a browser window and navigate to the Python.org Downloads page for macOS.
2. 2.

   Under the “Python Releases for Mac OS X” heading, click the link for the Latest Python 3 Release - Python 3.x.x. As of this writing, the latest version was Python 3.8.4.
3. 3.

   Scroll to the bottom and click macOS 64-bit installer to start the download.

1. 1.

   Press Continue a few times until you’re asked to agree to the software license agreement. Then click Agree.
2. 2.

   You’ll be shown a window that tells you the install destination and how much space it will take. You most likely don’t want to change the default location, so go ahead and click Install to start the installation.
3. 3.

   When the installer is finished copying files, click Close to close the installer window.

1. 1.

   Open a browser and navigate to http://brew.sh/.
2. 2.

   You should see a command for installing Homebrew near the top of the page under the tile “Install Homebrew.” This command will be something like the following:

   1

   $ /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"

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   Highlight the command with your cursor and press Cmd+C to copy it to your clipboard.
3. 3.

   Open a terminal window and paste the command, then press Enter. This will begin the Homebrew installation.
4. 4.

   Enter your macOS user password when prompted.

1. 1.

   Open a terminal application.
2. 2.

   Type in the following command to upgrade Homebrew:

   1

   $ brew update && brew upgrade

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1. 1.

   Open a terminal.
2. 2.

   Type pip3 and press Enter.
3. 3.

   You should see the help text from Python’s pip package manager. If you get an error message running pip3, then go through the install steps again to make sure you have a working installation.

1. 1.

   Using your operating system’s package manager
2. 2.

   Building Python from source code

1. 1.

   Install from a package manager: This is the most common installation method on most Linux distributions. It involves running a command from the command line.
2. 2.

   Build from source code: This method is more difficult than using a package manager. It involves running a series of commands from the command line as well as making sure you have the correct dependencies installed to compile the Python source code.

1. 1.

   You can’t download Python from your operating system’s package manager.
2. 2.

   You need to control how Python gets compiled, such as when you want to lower the memory footprint on embedded systems.
3. 3.

   You want to try out beta versions and release candidates of the latest and greatest version before it’s generally available.

• Ubuntu 18.04, Ubuntu 20.04 and above: Python 3.8 doesn’t come by default on Ubuntu 18.04 and above, but it is available in the Universe repository. To install version 3.8, open a terminal application and type the following commands:

  1

  $ sudo apt-get update

  2

  $ sudo apt-get install python3.8 python3-pip

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  Once the installation is complete, you can run Python 3.8 with the python3.8 command and pip with the pip3 command.
• Linux Mint and Ubuntu 17 and below: Python 3.8 isn’t in the Universe repository, so you need to get it from a Personal Package Archive (PPA). For example, to install from the “deadsnakes” PPA, use the following commands:

  1

  $ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa

  2

  $ sudo apt-get update

  3

  $ sudo apt-get install python3.8 python3-pip

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  Once the installation is complete, you can run Python 3.8 with the python3.8 command and run pip with the pip3 command.

1. 1.

   First, update your package manager and upgrade your packages:

   1

   $ sudo apt-get update

   2

   $ sudo apt-get upgrade

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2. 2.

   Next, make sure you have all of the build requirements installed:

   1

   # For apt-based systems (like Debian, Ubuntu, and Mint)

   2

   $ sudo apt-get install -y make build-essential libssl-dev zlib1g-dev \

   3

   libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev wget curl llvm \

   4

   libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev xz-utils tk-dev

   5

   ​

   6

   # For yum-based systems (like CentOS)

   7

   $ sudo yum -y groupinstall "Development Tools"

   8

   $ sudo yum -y install gcc openssl-devel bzip2-devel libffi-devel

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   It’s fine if you already have some of the requirements installed on your system. You can execute the above commands and any existing packages will not be overwritten.

1. 1.

   Once you have the prerequisites and the TAR file, you can unpack the source into a directory. Note that the following command will create a new directory called Python-3.8.3 under the one you’re in:

   1

   $ tar xvf Python-3.8.4.tgz

   2

   $ cd Python-3.8.4

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2. 2.

   Now you need to run the ./configure tool to prepare the build:

   1

   $ ./configure --enable-optimizations --with-ensurepip=install

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   The enable-optimizations flag will enable some optimizations within Python to make it run about 10 percent faster. Doing this may add twenty or thirty minutes to the compilation time. The with-ensurepip=install flag will install pip bundled with this installation.
3. 3.

   Next, you build Python using make. The -j option simply tells make to split the building into parallel steps to speed up the compilation. Even with the parallel builds, this step can take several minutes:

   1

   $ make -j 8

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4. 4.

   Finally, you’ll want to install your new version of Python. You’ll use the altinstall target here to avoid overwriting the system Python. Since you’re installing into /usr/bin, you’ll need to run as root:

   1

   $ sudo make altinstall

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